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Validation of the Dutch version of the Breakthrough Pain Assessment Tool in Patients with Cancer.

CONTEXT: Essential for adequate management of breakthrough cancer pain is a combination of accurate (re-)assessment and a personalized treatment plan. The Breakthrough pain Assessment Tool (BAT) has been proven to be a brief, multidimensional, reliable and valid questionnaire for the assessment of breakthrough cancer pain.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Dutch Language version of the BAT (BAT-DL) in patients with cancer.

METHODS: The BAT was forward-backward translated into the Dutch language. Thereafter, the psychometric properties of the BAT-DL were tested, i.e. factor structure, reliability (internal consistency, test-retest reliability) and validity (content validity, construct validity) and the responsiveness to change.

RESULTS: The BAT-DL confirmed the two-factor structure in 170 patients with cancer: pain severity/ impact factor, and pain duration/ medication efficacy factor. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.72, and the intraclass correlation for the test-retest reliability was 0.81. The BAT-DL showed to be able to differentiate between different group of patients, and correlated significantly with the Brief Pain Inventory. Additionally, the BAT-DL was capable to detect clinically important changes over time.

CONCLUSION: The BAT-DL is a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess breakthrough pain in Dutch patients with cancer, and is a relevant questionnaire for daily practice.

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