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Pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immune responses in seminal vesicle epithelial cell and their impacts on cellular function.
Biology of Reproduction 2019 July 28
The seminal vesicles (SV) can be infected by microorganisms, thereby resulting in vesiculitis and impairment in male fertility. Innate immune responses in SV cells to microbial infections, which facilitate vesiculitis, have yet to be investigated. The present study aims to elucidate pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated innate immune responses in SV epithelial cells. Various PRRs, including Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR4, cytosolic RNA and DNA sensors, are abundantly expressed in SV epithelial cells. These PRRs can recognize their respective ligands, thus activating nuclear factor kappa B and interferon regulatory factor 3. The PRR signaling induces expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Tnfa and Il6, chemokines Mcp1 and Cxcl10, and type 1 interferons Ifna and Ifnb. Moreover, PRR-mediated innate immune responses upregulated the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase and cyclooxygenase 2, but they downregulated semenogelin-1 expression. These results provide novel insights into the mechanism underlying vesiculitis and its impact on the functions of the SV.
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