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Gingival crevicular fluid semaphorin 4D and peptidylarginine deiminase 2 levels in periodontal health and disease.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D), peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with periodontal disease and patients with healthy periodontium and investigate the effects of periodontal treatment on the levels of these molecules.

METHODS: GCF samples were collected from periodontally healthy controls (C group, n = 20), gingivitis patients (G group, n = 20) and chronic periodontitis patients (CP group, n = 20). Sampling sites were also divided into bleeding (BP) and non-bleeding (NBP) periodontal pocket groups in CP group. Full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters were also recorded. GCF samplings and clinical records were also repeated at 1 and 3 months after treatment for only CP group. SEMA4D, PAD2 and MMP-8 levels were determined by ELISA.

RESULTS: The GCF SEMA4D, PAD2 and MMP-8 total amounts were similar in CP and G groups (p ˃ 0.05) but significantly greater than C group (p ˂ 0.05). The GCF SEMA4D and PAD2 total amounts in BP group were significantly greater than NBP group (p ˂ 0.05). GCF MMP-8 total amounts were similar in BP and NBP groups (p ˃ 0.05). The GCF SEMA4D, PAD2 and MMP-8 total amounts were significantly reduced at first month after treatment (p ˂ 0.05). There were positive correlations between GCF total amount of SEMA4D and all clinical parameters (p ˂ 0.01) and also between PAD2 and clinical parameters (p ˂ 0.05) except clinical attachment level. There was a positive correlation between GCF total amount of SEMA4D and GCF total amount of MMP-8 (p ˂ 0.05).

CONCLUSION: It may be suggested that SEMA4D and PAD2 are related with periodontal disease. Their GCF total amounts may have a diagnostic potential. Additional studies would better clarify their role in periodontal diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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