Influence of implant neck and abutment characteristics on peri-implant tissue health and stability. Oral reconstruction foundation consensus report.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this consensus meeting was to assess the influence of implant neck and abutment characteristics on peri-implant tissue health and stability.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Group and plenary discussions were based on two systematic reviews focusing on the effect of titanium implants with different collar designs/surface modifications and the abutment material on the stability of marginal bone levels (MBLs), peri-implant health, and survival rates.

RESULTS: The changes in MBLs were not influenced by the abutment material and were also similar at one- and two-piece implants after one year of loading. Rough collar implants improved MBLs in comparison to machined collar implants. Additional modifications of the collar had no beneficial clinical effect on MBLs. Titanium abutments were associated with significantly higher increases in bleeding on probing when compared with zirconia abutments.

CONCLUSION: MBLs are mainly influenced by the microstructure (i.e., rough surfaced) of the implant neck. Consensus statements and specific recommendations for future research were elaborated during the consensus meeting.