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A New Face Subunit Transplant Model in Mice, Containing Skin, Mandible, and Oral Mucosa for Future Face Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Studies.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2019 April 12
BACKGROUND: In immunologic research, mice have advantages over other animals, such as low costs, easy handling, suitable lifecycle, and adequate laboratory resources. However, mice vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) surgery is not popular, partly because of technical difficulties and high mortality rates. Our goal was to demonstrate a face transplantation model in mice that includes skin, mandible and oral mucosa.
METHODS: We developed a new syngeneic face transplantation model composed of skin, mandible, teeth and oral mucosa in C57BL/6 mice. The following assessment included measuring the length of the right incisor on the transplanted mandibles, CT scan in one mouse for mandibular structure evaluation, and histological examination of different tissue samples in other mouse for viability evaluation.
RESULTS: We performed 5 consecutive transplantations. The donor vessels were the common carotid artery (≈0.4mm) and anterior facial vein (≈0.2mm), and the recipients were the common carotid artery and the posterior facial vein (≈0.4mm). The mean operative time for the donor was 80 min, and for the recipient was 123 min. There were neither flap failures nor animal deaths. The follow up was 6 months. The right incisor of the transplant grew at different rates in all cases. Histology samples showed viability in all tissues, including mandibular bone marrow. CT scan demonstrated normal structure of the transplanted bone.
CONCLUSION: Our syngeneic partial face transplantation model in mice, which included skin, oral mucosa, and mandible with teeth, should be useful for future face allotransplantation research, as the myriad of tissues it provides, of different immunomodulatory functions, is similar to that in clinical scenario.
METHODS: We developed a new syngeneic face transplantation model composed of skin, mandible, teeth and oral mucosa in C57BL/6 mice. The following assessment included measuring the length of the right incisor on the transplanted mandibles, CT scan in one mouse for mandibular structure evaluation, and histological examination of different tissue samples in other mouse for viability evaluation.
RESULTS: We performed 5 consecutive transplantations. The donor vessels were the common carotid artery (≈0.4mm) and anterior facial vein (≈0.2mm), and the recipients were the common carotid artery and the posterior facial vein (≈0.4mm). The mean operative time for the donor was 80 min, and for the recipient was 123 min. There were neither flap failures nor animal deaths. The follow up was 6 months. The right incisor of the transplant grew at different rates in all cases. Histology samples showed viability in all tissues, including mandibular bone marrow. CT scan demonstrated normal structure of the transplanted bone.
CONCLUSION: Our syngeneic partial face transplantation model in mice, which included skin, oral mucosa, and mandible with teeth, should be useful for future face allotransplantation research, as the myriad of tissues it provides, of different immunomodulatory functions, is similar to that in clinical scenario.
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