Rapeseed flower pollen bio-green synthesized silver nanoparticles: a promising antioxidant, anticancer and antiangiogenic compound.

Based on recent researches, bio synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) seem to have the potential in declining angiogenesis and oxidative stress. In the current study, rapeseed flower pollen (RFP) water extract was triggered to synthesize RFP-silver nanoparticles (RFP/Ag-NPs). Moreover, antioxidant, antiangiogenesis and cytotoxicity of the RFP/Ag-NPs against MDA-MB-231, MCF7 and carcinoma cell lines and normal human skin fibroblast HDF were compared. Results indicated that RFP/Ag-NPs have a peak at 430 nm, spherical shape and an average size of 24 nm. According to the results of FTIR, rapeseed pollen capped Ag-NPs. RFP/Ag-NPs have cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells and decrease cancerous cell viability (IC50  = 3 µg/ml and 2 µg/ml, respectively) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The morphological data showed that the RFP/Ag-NPs increase the percentage of apoptotic cells compared to the control group and normal cells (human skin fibroblast cells). The apoptotic morphological change was also confirmed with a flow cytometric analysis. RFP/ Ag-NPs' antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring their ability to scavenge ABTS and DPPH free radicals. The IC50 values were determined at 800 and 830 μg/ml for ABTS and DPPH tests, respectively. According to the results, green-synthesized RFP/Ag-NPs as a safe efficient apoptosis inducer and strong antioxidant compound have the potential to suppress breast cancer carcinogenesis by VEGF down-regulatiion and thus sensitizing them against apoptosis. However, further researches are required to clarify RFP/Ag-NPs' cell specificity and therapeutic doses in in vivo conditions.