A systematic review of herpes zoster incidence and consensus recommendations on vaccination in adult patients on systemic therapy for psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis: From the Medical Board of the National Psoriasis Foundation.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster (HZ) incidence is linked to immunosuppression. Patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) on systemic therapy might be at an increased risk for HZ.

OBJECTIVE: To assess HZ risk in patients with psoriasis and PsA by systemic treatment and provide recommendations regarding HZ vaccination.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for HZ in patients with psoriasis and PsA. HZ vaccination guidelines were reviewed, and the medical board of the National Psoriasis Foundation made consensus recommendations in psoriasis and PsA patients using graded evidence.

RESULTS: In total, 41 studies met inclusion criteria. Systemic corticosteroids (strong, 1), tofacitinib (strong, 1), and combination therapy with biologic and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (weak, 2a) carry increased HZ risk while monotherapy does not. There is insufficient evidence to determine risk with interleukin 12/23, 17, and 23 inhibitors or apremilast (weak, 2a). Recombinant zoster vaccine is recommended for all psoriasis and PsA patients >50 years old and patients <50 years old on tofacitinib, systemic steroids, or combination systemic treatment. Vaccination of patients <50 years old on other systemic therapies may be considered on a case-by-case basis.

LIMITATIONS: There was significant heterogeneity between studies.

CONCLUSION: HZ risk depends on disease severity and treatment class. Recombinant zoster vaccine should be given to all psoriasis and PsA patients >50 years old and younger patients at increased risk.