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Quantitative analysis of retinal microcirculation in optical coherence tomography angiography in cases with Behçet's disease without ocular involvement.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the retinal vascular plexus and choriocapillaris structures in patients with non-ocular Behçet's disease (BD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

METHODS: The study included 42 eyes of non-ocular BD patients (study group) and 40 eyes of 20 healthy subjects (control group). Flow area (mm2 ), mean vascular density (VD) (%) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) (mm2 ) were measured using OCTA (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) (μm) and central macular thickness (CMT) (μm) measurements were also performed.

RESULTS: The mean superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and choriocapillaris flow area values were found to be significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.008, respectively). In respect of mean VD, a statistically significant difference was determined between the study and control groups in both superficial and deep VD (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found out between the groups in respect of superficial FAZ, deep FAZ and CMT (p = 0.165, p = 0.477, p = 0.457, respectively). The subfoveal CT was also measured to be significantly thicker in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: The results obtained with OCTA revealed that there could be both retinal and choroidal involvement in non-ocular BD patients before the emergence of evident clinical findings.

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