Properties of vaterite-containing tricalcium silicate composited graphene oxide for biomaterials.

The properties of vaterite-containing tricalcium silicate (referred as V-C3S) bone cement can be significantly affected by graphene oxide (GO) added. The composited bone cement can overcome the problem of poor mechanical properties and low cellular activity of calcium silicate-based bone cement. The material properties, mineralization and cell compatibility were characterized. The results demonstrated that GO/V-C3S had good curing ability, mechanical properties and higher injectability. In general, V-C3S adding with 0.04 wt % GO is better due to its advanced compressive strength (17.14 % higher than pure V-C3S) and lower pH value. In vitro immersion experiments showed its admirable mineralization ability. Cell experiments confirmed its low cytotoxicity and favorable cell proliferation ability. In addition, Enhanced antibacterial property (2-3 times higher compared with pure V-C3S) was also discussed by antibacterial experiments. These results suggest that GO/V-C3S bone cement is promising materials for biomedical applications.