An HHV-8 Positive HIV Negative Multicentric Castleman's Disease, Who Responded Well to Rituximab Alone.

Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD) presents with enlarged lymph nodes in multiple regions and systemic inflammatory symptoms, due to the dysregulation of cytokines, most commonly interleukin-6 (IL-6). Human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) is strongly related to MCD (HHV-8-associated MCD) and is being implicated in cytokine dysregulation in patients, the majority of whom are HIV positive or immunosuppressed. Preferred treatment of HHV-8-associated MCD depends on the presence or not of concurrent Kaposi sarcoma and on whether the patient has life-threatening organ failure or poor performance status thought to be related to HHV-8-associated MCD. Herein, we describe a female patient with HHV-8 positive, HIV negative MCD, who responded well to the administration of rituximab once weekly for four weeks alone for three cycles.