Innocent heart murmurs and enuresis: Examining a possible link.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of innocent heart murmurs in children affected by nocturnal enuresis (NE).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled a total of 401 children (G1), 300 males and 101 females, aged 5-15 years, affected by NE and referred to the Service of Pediatrics, "Campus Bio-Medico" University Hospital of Rome, from September 2013 to September 2018, into the study. The control group was composed of 394 children without NE (G2). The study was carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration.

RESULTS: The prevalence of innocent heart murmurs in G2 was 6.34%. This condition was significantly more frequent in children who suffered from NE. Indeed, in G1, the prevalence of innocent heart murmurs was 21.45%, although there were few differences between the children with monosymptomatic NE and non-monosymptomatic NE; moreover, this prevalence was higher in males.

CONCLUSION: These findings made us aware of the presence of possible underlying mechanisms, which explain the association between a higher prevalence of innocent heart murmurs and enuresis, and further studies are required to explore this issue.