Salivary Profile in Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case-control Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate salivary factors in type 2 diabetes melliuts patients.

METHODS: The case-control study was conducted from June to November 2016 at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, and comprised patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls matched in terms of age and gender. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected in the morning after an overnight fast of 8-12 hours. The samples were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes, and every isolated transparent liquid was immediately frozen at a temperature of -45ºC in a tube. The test sample was later aspirated, and readings were taken. The data was analyzed using SPSS 16..

RESULTS: Of the 200 subjects, 100(50%) were diabetic patients and 100(50%) were healthy controls. The two groups were matched with regard to age, gender, diabetes duration, serum glucose, and glycated haemoglobin (p>0.05 each). In terms of laboratory variables, there were significant differences between the groups related to urea, phosphorus, pH, and glucose (p<0.05 each). Urea and glucose levels were higher in the patient group than the controls (p<0.05 each). Also, calcium and total protein levels were higher in male patients compared to female patients (p < 0.0 5 each) .

CONCLUSIONS: Salivary pH, urea, calcium, phosphorus, glucose, and total protein levels could be bio chemical parameters for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes .