Occupational gaps 5 years after stroke.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence and number of occupational gaps 5 years after stroke and find possible predictors and explanatory factors for increased number of experienced gaps.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The participants were diagnosed with first-time stroke in Gothenburg during 2009-2010. Medical records from their hospital stay were used to obtain baseline data. The Occupational Gaps Questionnaire and the Swedish stroke registers follow-up questionnaire were sent out. Data from the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire were used as a dependent variable and baseline data and questions from the stroke registry were used as independent variables in logistic regression.

RESULTS: Five years poststroke, 49.5% experienced a higher number of occupational gaps compared to a healthy reference population. Predictors for an increased number of gaps were higher age at stroke onset and a higher degree of functional dependency. Explanatory factors for an increased number of gaps in the study population were higher age at follow-up and feelings of depression.

CONCLUSIONS: Older age at the time of stroke and functional dependency can predict an increased number of occupational gaps. Older age and feelings of depression are connected to an increased number of occupational gaps. Individuals at risk should be provided with additional interventions to reduce participation restrictions.