Cytoplasm and Beyond: The Dynamic Innate Immune Sensing of Influenza A Virus by RIG-I.

Innate immune sensing of influenza A virus (IAV) requires RIG-I, a fundamental cytoplasmic RNA sensor. How RIG-I's cytoplasmic localization reconciles with the nuclear replication nature of IAV is poorly understood. Recent findings provide advanced insights into the spatiotemporal RIG-I sensing of IAV and highlight the contribution of various RNA ligands to RIG-I activation. Understanding a compartment-specific RIG-I sensing paradigm would facilitate the identification of the full spectrum of physiological RIG-I ligands produced during IAV infection.