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Exercise prescription and tailored physical activity intervention in onco-hematology inpatients, a personalised bedside approach to improve clinical best-practice.

Hematological Oncology 2019 Februrary 9
Therapy of hematological malignancies lasts for long periods implicating various complications. The chemotherapy induces fatigue and forces bed rest. These features strongly contribute to a general impairment of the physical efficiency. Oppositely, an increase of physical exercise can prevent or reduce this weakening. Few trials examined the efficacy of an exercise in onco-hematological inpatients, during their hospitalization. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the feasibility of an inter-hospital intervention and the beneficial role of a tailored exercise program in the maintenance of the physical function in onco-hematological inpatients. The study included 42 patients which were allocated in two groups. In the Intervention Group (IG) a tailored exercise protocol during patient's hospitalization was administered. Exercise protocol was focused on development of strength, balance control and flexibility; sessions were directly performed in the patient's hospital room every day for 15-30 minutes. Exercise was supervised by an Exercise Specialist and driven by a multimedia support. Control Group (CG) remained physically inactive for all period of hospitalization. To examine the interaction between the two situations (T0 and T1 ) and the two groups (IG and CG) for all dependent variables, a 2 x 2 within-subjects contrasts model analysis of variance was applied. Within groups analysis displayed significant differences in grip and leg strength, and in static balance control (p <0.05) with medium to very large effect size. Results from this investigation showed that a tailored exercise protocol administered to hospitalized onco-hematological patients was feasible and efficient to promote the maintenance of their physical function, improving clinical best-practice including exercise to the traditional treatment. Moreover, the magnitude of the difference between the IG and the CG underlined the importance to invite and stimulate patients to work-out to preserve the physical function, counteracting side effects of chemotherapy treatments with a concurrent reduction in bed rest syndrome.

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