Surgical management of recurrent TMJ dislocation-a systematic review.

PURPOSE: Recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation can be challenging to treat and the current understanding regarding aetiology and management of this condition is limited. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review regarding the management of recurrent TMJ dislocation.

METHODS: A literature review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines to identify papers published between 2006 and 2016. The resultant papers were analysed.

RESULTS: A total of 33 papers were found relevant to the study. Minimally invasive techniques described included autologous blood injection, which was associated with an overall success of 80% at 12 months. Other modalities investigated included OK-432 sclerotherapy, laser capsulorrhaphy, botulinum toxin of the lateral pterygoid muscle or modified dextrose. These publications show promising success rates. Surgical techniques described included disc plication, eminoplasty and eminectomy. These modalities had a similar success rate, although numbers were limited. The true incidence of recurrent TMJ dislocation is unknown and aetiology is limited to expert opinion.

CONCLUSION: The current understanding of management for recurrent TMJ dislocation is limited to case series and case reports. This paper compiles the current understanding of management of recurrent TMJ dislocation. Compared to previous reviews, this paper describes some novel minimally invasive techniques with promising success in the management of recurrent TMJ dislocation.