Influenza and the Surgeon.

BACKGROUND: The influenza virus is a pathogenic virus responsible for large numbers of deaths and long-term disabilities worldwide. Although the very young, the very old, and immunocompromised individuals are most susceptible, the effects of the influenza virus can be observed across the entire spectrum of individuals.

DISCUSSION: Infection with the influenza virus induces a substantial inflammatory and immunologic response and induces marked pulmonary inflammation. Many aspects of influenza affect surgical patients directly. Vaccines are one of the most effective measures aimed at reducing the prevalence and severity of many infectious diseases, including the influenza virus. Vaccination programs remain one of the highest priorities across the spectrum of countries, research institutions such as the National Institutes of Health, international health agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), and major non-profit organizations.

CONCLUSION: This review addresses aspects of the immune and inflammatory response to influenza, with a focus on the elderly population and healthcare providers who may act as reservoirs for virus transmission to the vulnerable surgical population.