Path analysis for key factors influencing long-term quality of life of patients following a percutaneous coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the long-term quality of life (QOL) influencing of patients following a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as well as its influencing factors.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: From June 2013 to April 2014, 428 PCI patients were enrolled in this questionnaire survey. The demographic and clinical data, Social Support Rating Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, Social Disability Screening Schedule, and Short Form 36 Health Status Questionnaire were collected. Statistical analyses for data and path analyses for influencing factors were then carried out.

RESULTS: PCI patients received considerable social support from family and society, and most PCI patients adopted negative coping styles (avoidance and acceptance-resignation). Approximately 70.3% of PCI patients had a serious functional defect, and 96.97% of patients had an average (79.91%) or better (17.06%) QOL. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that long-term QOL of PCI patients was correlated positively with social support and sleep quality, but correlated negatively with the acceptance-resignation coping style, social function defects, and number of adverse cardiac events. Path analysis further showed that social support, acceptance-resignation coping style, social function defects, number of adverse cardiac events, and sleep quality exerted important effects on long-term QOL of PCI patients in descending order.

CONCLUSION: Most PCI patients had an average medium-term or better long-term QOL. Social support, acceptance-resignation coping style, social function defects, number of adverse cardiac events, and sleep quality were key influencing factors.