Effect of Beta Particles Spectrum on Absorbed Fraction in Internal Radiotherapy.

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to study the effect of beta spectrum on absorbed fraction ( ϕ ) and to find suitable analytical functions for beta spectrum absorbed fractions in spherical and ellipsoidal volumes with a uniform distribution for several radionuclides that are commonly used in nuclear medicine.

Methods: In order to obtain the beta particle absorbed fraction, Monte Carlo simulations were performed by using the MCNPX code. The validation of the simulations was performed by calculating the absorbed fractions in spheres and comparing the results with the data published by other investigators. The absorbed fractions were calculated and compared by using an actual beta energy spectrum with those obtained through the mean beta energy of 14 C, 199 Au, 177 Lu, 131 I, 90 Sr, 153 Sm, 186 Re, 32 P, 90 Y, 38 Cl and 88 Rb radionuclides.

Results: The maximum difference between the absorbed fractions for beta particles accounting for the whole beta spectrum of all the considered nuclides was 29.62% with respect to the mean beta energy case. Suitable analytical relationships were found between the absorbed fraction and the generalized radius, and the dependence of the fitting parameters from beta spectrum energy was discussed and fitted by appropriate parametric functions.

Conclusion: The results allowed the calculation of the absorbed fractions from the above stated beta sources uniformly distributed in spherical and ellipsoidal volumes of any ellipticity and volume, in a wide range of practical volumes that are not only used for internal dosimetry in nuclear medicine applications, but also in radiological protection estimates of doses from internal contamination.