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Estimating Landslides Vulnerability in Rwanda using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information System.

Landslides are among hazards which undermine the social, economic and environmental wellbeing of the vulnerable community. Assessment of landslides vulnerability reveals the damages that could be recorded, the severity of the impact and increases the preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation as well. This study aims to estimate landslides vulnerability for the western province of Rwanda. Field survey and secondary data sources identified 96 landslides used to prepare landslides inventory map. Ten factors: altitude, slope angles, normalized difference vegetation Index, land use, distance to roads, soil texture, rainfall, lithology, population density and possession rate of communication tools were analyzed. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was used to weight and rank the vulnerability conditioning factors. Then the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) in Geographic Information System (GIS) spatially estimated landslides vulnerability over the study area. The results indicated the altitude (19.7%), slope angles (16.1%), soil texture (14.3%), lithology (13.5%), and rainfall (12.2%) as the maieam vulnerability conditioning parameters. The produced landslides vulnerability map is divided into five classes: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The proposed method is validated by using the relative landslides density index (R-index) method. It revealed that 35.4%, 25% and 23.9% of past landslides are observed within moderate, high and very high vulnerability zones, respectively. The consistency of validation indicates good performance of the used methodology and the prepared vulnerability map. The results can be used by policy makers to recognize hazard vulnerability lessening and future planning needs.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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