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One-step conversion of glutamic acid into 2-pyrrolidone on supported Ru catalyst in hydrogen atmosphere: remarkable effect of CO activation.

ChemSusChem 2019 January 31
Glutamic acid, an abundant non-essential amino acid, was converted into 2-pyrrolidone in the presence of a Ru-supported catalyst under pressurized hydrogen atmosphere. This reaction pathway proceeded through the dehydration of glutamic acid into pyroglutamic acid, subsequent hydrogenation, and the dehydrogenation-decarbonylation of pyroglutaminol into 2-pyrrolidone. In the conversion of pyroglutaminol, Ru/Al2O3 exhibited extremely higher activity than Pt-, Pd-, and Rh-supported catalysts. Infrared (IR) analysis revealed that Ru can hydrogenate formed CO through dehydrogenation-decarbonylation of hydroxymethyl groups in pyroglutaminol, and also can easily desorb CH4 from active sites on Ru. Furthermore, Ru/Al2O3 showed the highest catalytic activity among the tested catalysts in the conversion of pyroglutamic acid. Consequently, the conversion of glutamic acid produced a high yield of 2-pyrrolidone using the Ru-supported catalyst, which is the first report of the one-pot reaction under mild reaction conditions (433 K, 2 MPa H2), in which instable amino acids above 473 K are undegradable.

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