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Disposable Paper-based Analytical Device for Visual Speciation Analysis of Ag (I) and AgNPs in Commercial Products.

Analytical Chemistry 2019 January 29
A disposable, instrument-free, height readout paper-based analytical device (HR-PAD) based on a paper strip inkjet-printed with CdTe QDs was developed for the sensitive speciation analysis of Ag+ and AgNPs in commercial products. When the paper strip is immersed into a sample solution, capillary action draws it over the surface and any Ag+ in the solution quenches the fluorescence of CdTe QDs via a cation exchange reaction between Ag+ and the CdTe QDs, with the height of the quenched band being proportional to the concentration of Ag+. On the contrary, fluorescence quenching cannot be observed when only AgNPs are present in solution. Thus, the concentration of AgNPs can be obtained by subtracting the Ag+ content from the total silver determined by the HR-PAD after digestion with HNO3. Under optimized conditions, the methodology provides high selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of Ag+ or AgNPs in various samples, even at concentrations as low as 0.05 mg L-1. Precisions of 4.5% and 2.2% RSDs were achieved at concentrations of 1 mg L-1 and 7 mg L-1 of Ag+, respectively. Compared to conventional methods, this approach is inexpensive, user-friendly and eliminates the need for expensive and sophisticated detection instruments. The practicality of the method was demonstrated via the speciation analysis of AgNPs and Ag+ in river water and twelve commercial products with satisfactory results.

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