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Prevalence of paratuberculosis in water buffaloes on public livestock farms of Punjab, Pakistan.
Veterinaria Italiana 2018 December 32
The present study had the goal to assess the prevalence of paratuberculosis in 4 public livestock farms of the Punjab (Pakistan). It included 627 total animals of more than 2-year-old tested by Avian Tuberculin, i.e., Purified Protein Derivative. The results of the PPD test were confirmed by indirect ELISA and by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) test. An overall prevalence of 1.3% was recorded. The values were between 0.0% and 3.03%. The results of odds ratio suggested that there are 2.18 time's higher chances of disease when body weight of buffaloes is less than 500 kg; 1.65 times in dry than lactating animals; 2.58 times when small ruminants are present; and 1.19 times when cattle are absent. The total positive buffaloes observed by Avian PPD were 12, although only 10 were then confirmed by ELISA, and 8 by ZN faecal microscopy. The relative sensitivity and specificity of Avian PPD by considering ELISA as standard test were 80.0% and 89.47%, respectively. Similarly, the relative sensitivity and specificity of the ZN faecal test were 70.0% and 97.37%, respectively. The relative sensitivity and specificity of Avian PPD by considering ZN faecal test as standard were 100% and 90%, respectively. Among haematological parameters, platelets significantly decreased and MCH increased in paratuberculosis positive animals. It can be concluded that ELISA may be used as a screening test in future studies for paratuberculosis, tuberculin testing can be used when the ELISA is not affordable to assess the disease situation at the farm; while ZN microscopy, being it a non-invasive test, is a better option than skin testing.
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