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Environmental factors associated with the presence of Vibrionaceae in tropical cage-cultured marine fishes.

This study investigates the environmental factors associated with the presence of Vibrionaceae in economically important cage-cultured tropical marine fish; the Asian Seabass, Red Snapper and Hybrid Grouper. Fish samplings were conducted at monthly intervals between December 2016 and August 2017. The body weight and length of individual fish were measured, while the skin, eye, liver and kidney were sampled for bacterial isolation and identification. Water physico-chemical parameters during the sampling activities were determined, and the enumeration of total Vibrionaceae count was also conducted from water and sediment samples. Nine species of Vibrio were identified including Vibrio alginolyticus, V. diabolicus, V. harveyi, V. campbellii, V. parahaemolyticus, V. rotiferianus, V. furnissii, V. fluvialis and V. vulnificus, and one species of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. A total of 73% of the isolated Vibrio belonged to the Harveyi clade, followed by Vulnificus (5.5%) and Cholera (0.6%) clades. Highest occurrence of Vibrio spp. and P. damselae subsp. damselae was found in Hybrid Grouper (72%), followed by Asian Seabass (48%) and Red Snapper (36%). The associations between Vibrio spp. and P. damselae subsp. damselae with the host fish were not species specific. However, fish mortality and size showed strong association with the presence of some Vibrio spp. On average, 60% of the infected cultured fish exhibited at least one clinical signs. Nevertheless, inconsistent associations were observed between the pathogens and water quality. This study suggests that yearlong occurrence and abundance of Vibrionaceae in the environmental components might serve them as potential reservoir of the pathogens. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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