SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS) and associated dental findings.

OBJECTIVE: Identify, diagnose, and document oral clinical and radiographic evidence associated with the genetic condition known as special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2)-associated syndrome. Through identifying and publishing these common dental and behavioral findings, we hope to educate oral and medical healthcare providers to identify this condition in an attempt to develop meaningful comprehensive care to this patient population.

METHODS: A total of 37 patients (19 female), ranging from ages 2 to 20 were evaluated at Arkansas Children's Hospital in Little Rock, Arkansas. Patient geographic distribution included: the United States, Canada, Portugal, Spain, and the Netherlands. Patients were clinically and radiographically examined for oral findings. Panoramic radiographs were obtained when patient's behavior allowed. Patient's parents or guardians were also interviewed concerning dental, medical, and behavioral histories.

RESULTS: Clinical findings included delayed tooth eruption, bruxism, sialorrhea, larger than normal teeth with an increased propensity for maxillary anterior tooth trauma due to unsteady ambulation. Radiographic findings included delayed permanent root formation, significantly delayed or missing second bicuspids, malformed teeth, and taurodontism. Medical and behavioral issues included: insomnia, hyperphagia, cognitive delays, and an extremely high pain threshold.

CONCLUSION: Patients with SATB2-associated syndrome have shown to have a consistent and unique set of dental findings both clinically and radiographically. A thorough health and dental history along with the aforementioned results of the study may facilitate a diagnosis of this syndrome. Due to the complexity of the patient's dental needs and behavior, a health practitioner with special needs care experience on a comprehensive craniofacial team would be optimal.