[Prophylactic human papilloma virus vaccines launch the era of comprehensive cervical cancer control].

The etiology of cervical cancer has been fully demonstrated. Different screening strategies are available for different areas with various level of development. The prophylactic human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine has launched the era of comprehensive cervical cancer control, which is the milestone in the history of human fighting against cancer. However, cervical cancer is still a major public health issue in the world, especially in developing countries. The main challenge lies in the improvement for the coverage of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination. Especially for China with large population, various level of the economic development, and the HPV vaccine later than the world for ten years, how to improve the coverage of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination? There is a long way to go for the elimination of cervical cancer.