Ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse: Use of different fermentation strategies to enhance an environmental-friendly process.

Ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using sugarcane bagasse as substrate was developed using batch and fed-batch mode. Acid, alkali, hydrothermal and hydrogen peroxide pretreatments to the sugarcane bagasse were tested. Experiments were carried out to optimize the enzyme load of cellulases and β-glucosidase. Four strains, two of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and two of Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast species were evaluate using SSF to produce ethanol. A kinetic study in bioreactor was carried out to optimize the SSF. The batch process was optimized using 1.0 g/L of inoculum, 15.0 FPU/g cellulose of cellulases and 6.0% of initial cellulose reaching 92.0% of theoretical ethanol yield after 18 h using the bagasse pretreate by acid-alkali and S. cerevisiae PE-2. The fed-batch process with enzyme load three times lower than that was used in batch process, obtained 88% of theoretical ethanol yield in 40 h. Therefore, the use of the lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse) for producing a biofuel (ethanol) reduces the need for oil and is an environmental-friendly process.