An optimized protocol for the analysis of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae)-induced neutrophil-dominant airway inflammation.

House dust mites (HDMs), Dermatophagoides sp., are one of the most widespread aeroallergens worldwide and cause various allergic diseases, including asthma. The pathophysiology of asthma has been intensively investigated using murine models of allergic airway inflammation induced by exposure to D. pteronyssinus. However, the pathogenic roles of D. farinae in the allergic airway inflammation remains unclear. We herein report that repetitive exposure to D. farinae resulted in neutrophil-dominant airway inflammation together with fibrotic changes and the formation of lymphoid clusters. Both type 1 and type 2 inflammatory cytokines were induced. The pathogenic changes in the airway were dependent on both the frequency and dose of D. farinae exposure. Our study provides novel procedures and insight into the pathogenesis of D. farinae-induced airway inflammation in vivo.