[Relation of cervical cancer with the results of human papillomavirus (HPV) screening carried out via hybrid capture 2 method on 52.000 women in Erzurum].

Cervical cancer is a common female cancer that could be diagnosed early with screening methods. Almost all cases are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Therefore, detecting the presence of HPV DNA is important for early diagnosis and treatment. Regular determination of screening tests enables early detection of patients with the risk of cervical cancer. For this purpose, since August 2014 a new screening program has been carried out by Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training of Cancer Centers (KETEM). The aims of our study were to detect the HPV prevalence in Erzurum and determine the major HPV types under the scope of population based cervical cancer screening program. Female patients between the ages of 30-65 were included in the study. Pap-smear and HPV DNA samples were taken simultaneously. The samples were examined in a national central laboratory. The study was performed using conventional methods in pap-smear samples. Pap-smear samples from HPV (-) patients were not included in the pathological evaluation. Pathological results of the pap-smear samples, which were taken from the HPV (+) cases, were sent to KETEM by national central laboratory and then these results were used. Within the scope of this study, 52.000 women were screened. Among all these women 2.4% of the cases were HPV DNA positive. HPV DNA samples were screened by Hybrid capture 2 (Qiagen, Germany) method. The highest positivity was observed at age 40 with 65 cases (5.1%) and the lowest positivity was observed at age 65 with 2 cases (0.1%). 60.1% of the HPV positive cases were at 30-45 age group, 35.2% were at 45-60 age group and 4.6% were at 65 and above age group. The most common type was HPV 16 with the frequency of 12.2% and this was followed by HPV 31 with 7.4% and HPV 51 with 6.7%,HPV 52 with 4.4% and HPV 68 with 4.3% frequencies. The rate of the HPV 18, which is the type of HPV that carries high risk for causing cervical cancer, was 3.0%. 49.2% of the HPV positive cases had single and 50.8% of them contained more than one type of HPV. The most common pathological appearance was "low grade cervical intraepithelial lesion" (LGSIL) detected in 115 cases (9.2%) and "atypical squamous cells of unknown significance" (ASC-US) detected in 93 cases (7.4%). Cases that had abnormal cytology were referred to colposcopy. Consequently, it was concluded that regional screening is important in terms of the determination of the HPV type for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer and vaccination so prevalence studies should be increased and supported.