Comorbidities and antimicrobial resistance in urological outpatients with positive urine culture

Background: The urinary tract infections are the third cause of infections in Mexico. The inappropriate use of antibiotic has generated the presence of multidrugresistant bacteria.

Objective: To identify the bacterial resistance patterns of the hospital and to detect the present comorbidities that can modify the evolution of urinary tract infection for proper empirical management.

Methods: Non-comparative cross-sectional study, positive urine cultures were reviewed in the period from December 2015 to May 2016, in outpatients of urology in the hospital. The obtained growth, bacterial resistance and the comorbidities of each patient were analyzed.

Results: 190 urine cultures were included. The most frequent bacterium was Escherichia coli. Greater general antibiotic resistance was detected to ceftazidime (91.5%), quinolones (> 65%) and trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (58%). The general multiresistance was 66.3%. The antibiotics that showed greater sensitivity were: amikacin, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, meropenem and piperacillin / tazobactam. The most frequent comorbidities were diabetes mellitus, previous use of antibiotics for urinary tract infection and prostatic hyperplasia.

Conclusion: In patients with urinary tract infection in the hospital, the empirical use of nitrofurantoin and amikacin is recommended. Quinolones and trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole have a high resistance index.