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Ratiometric Monitoring of Thorium Contamination in Natural Water using a Dual-Emission Luminescent Europium Organic Framework.

Traditional analytical methods of thorium contamination suffer from several disadvantages such as time-consuming procedure and equipment-intensive nature, leading to substantial challenges in rapid and onsite monitoring of thorium concentration in complex natural water systems. We report here the first case of luminescent metal organic framework based probe (ThP-1) for highly sensitive and selective self-calibrated sensing of Th4+ contamination in natural fresh water media with a notably facilitated detection procedure. The detection limit of ThP-1 was determined to be 24.2 ppb, much lower than the thorium contamination standard of 246 ppb in drinking water defined by the World Health Organization. Importantly, the detection procedure based on the rarely reported self-calibration manner is greatly beneficial on improving the detection accuracy. The self-calibrated luminescence evolution process is of great anti-interference ability capable of detecting thorium contamination in a wide concentration range from 24.2 ppb to 300 ppm, which can not be achieved directly by the traditional methods. The Th4+-selective luminescence response originates from the selective uptake and efficient enrichment of Th4+ by the host framework of ThP-1 through inner-sphere coordination, which is further confirmed by batch experiments, X-ray absorption spectroscopic study, and DFT calculations.

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