Impact of Nursing Education on Phlebotomy Blood Loss and Hospital-Acquired Anemia: A Quality Improvement Project.

BACKGROUND: Phlebotomy blood loss resulting in hospital-acquired anemia remains a significant problem in the critically ill population. A quality improvement project focused on decreasing phlebotomy blood loss and increasing nursing knowledge regarding blood conservation strategies was undertaken in the intensive care unit of a community hospital.

METHODS: The project followed a quasi-experimental design. Data were gathered using electronic chart review and surveys before and after educational sessions. Intensive care unit nurses attended educational sessions focused on increasing knowledge regarding phlebotomy blood loss, hospital-acquired anemia, blood conservation strategies, and utilization of blood conservation devices.

RESULTS: The study showed a statistically significant increase in nursing knowledge regarding hospital-acquired anemia, phlebotomy blood loss, and blood conservation device use (P < .001) and a statistically significant change in blood conservation device application practice in the posteducation period when compared with the preeducation period (P = .016).

CONCLUSION: The findings of this project support the added value of dedicated blood conservation education to nurses to promote increased knowledge, increased blood conservation device utilization, and decreases in phlebotomy blood loss.