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Brinzolamide-loaded nanoemulsions: Ex vivo transcorneal permeation, cell viability and ocular irritation tests.

The aim of this study was to investigate the corneal penetration of brinzolamide nanoemulsions and evaluate their in vitro and ex vivo irritancy potential. Twelve brinzolamide nanoemulsions were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method and ex vivo permeability studies were conducted using excised bovine corneas fixed onto Franz diffusion cells. To confirm the safety of the formulations for ophthalmic use, preparations were examined for potential ocular irritancy using a cell viability assay on retinal cells, the hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) and the bovine corneal opacity-permeability (BCOP) test. Seven brinzolamide nanoemulsions exhibited superior penetration across isolated bovine cornea compared to the marketed brinzolamide suspension. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of various surfactants and oils determined using the sulforhodamine B cell viability assay on retinal cells showed that Transcutol P, Cremophor RH40 and Triacetin were the least toxic excipients and may be safely used in the eye at various concentrations. HET-CAM and BCOP tests revealed that NE6B and NE4C did not results in any irritation and were thus considered safe for ocular use. Our finding suggest that optimized nanoemulsions can be a safe and effective vehicle for ocular delivery of brinzolamide.

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