Light variability and mixotrophy: Responses of testate amoeba communities and shell δ 13 C values to a peatland shading experiment.

Paleoecological records suggest that growing season length and/or cloudiness may affect peatland carbon accumulation and testate amoeba-based environmental reconstructions, highlighting a need to understand how light intensity affects microbial communities. We shaded plots on two peatlands for two years to examine effects on testate amoeba communities, the relative abundance of mixotrophic and heterotrophic testate amoebae, transfer-function performance, and δ13 C values of two species of mixotrophic testate amoebae. Surprisingly, relative abundance of mixotrophic species increased in shade, although compositional changes did not affect transfer-function performance. Shading did not affect δ13 C values of Hyalosphenia papilio and Heleopera sphagni, which ranged from -23.5 to -19.6‰ and -23.2 to -19.2‰, respectively. These δ13 C values were higher than those of potential food sources and lower than literature-derived values for Chlorella, the zoochlorellae inhabiting mixotrophic testate amoebae. δ13 C values thus suggest that these mixotrophic species obtain some carbon from Chlorella, although coupled dietary and isotope studies are needed to quantify this contribution. More research is needed to assess impacts of light variability on peatland microbial communities; however, carbon sources are recorded by δ13 C values of testate amoebae, indicating potential for studies of carbon cycling and how mixotrophy varies temporally and spatially.