Usefulness of serum lactate as a predictor of successful discontinuation of continuous atropine infusion in patients with severe acute organophosphate poisoning.

OBJECTIVE: In severe organophosphate (OP) poisoning, administration of atropine via continuous intravenous infusion is typically considered. To date, there have been no studies on predicting successful atropine discontinuation through plasma cholinesterase (PChE) and serum lactate levels, which are monitored during critical care in severe acute OP poisoning. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of serum lactate and PChE as predictors of successful discontinuation of atropine infusion.

METHODS: This retrospective observational study was performed on consecutive adult patients treated for severe acute OP poisoning between March 2011 and December 2016. We sequentially evaluated serum lactate and PChE levels on emergency department arrival and before a discontinuation trial of atropine infusion. Discontinuation of atropine intravenous infusion was attempted in patients after clearance of respiratory secretions and cessation of bronchoconstriction. Discontinuation of atropine infusion attempts were divided into successful and failed trials.

RESULTS: A total of 95 trials were conducted in 62 patients. Serum lactate levels before trials were significantly different between patients with successful and failed trials. The area under the curve for prediction of successful atropine discontinuation using serum lactate levels before trial discontinuation were 0.742 (95% confidence interval, 0.638 to 0.846). PChE level was not significantly different between two groups.

CONCLUSION: Serum lactate levels before the discontinuation trial of atropine infusion served to predict successful discontinuation in severe acute OP poisoning.