The TEAM model for mental health promotion among school-going adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: This paper reports on the process followed in developing the "TEAM" (an acronym for the proposed intervention) model for the promotion of mental health among school-going adolescents.

METHODS: A sequential explanatory mixed method combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches was used to gain in-depth understanding of the experiences of adolescents, school health nurses and teachers in dealing with emotional and social problems in high schools. Data collection was conducted in 4 phases from 2012 to 2015 and included a desk review of literature, qualitative interviews with 12 school teachers; qualitative interviews with 10 school health nurses and quantitative interviews with 347 adolescents. The quantitative tool that was used for the study was based on the Social and Emotional Learning Model.

RESULTS: Key findings from the study revealed inappropriate handling of emotions by adolescents, leading them to form destructive groups (gangs); involvement in alcohol and substance abuse; disrespect; and adolescent pregnancy.

CONCLUSION: A universal team-oriented collaborative model that will assist adolescents to shift negative energy and attitudes to positive and productive lifestyles is required. The TEAM model centres all the activities of a collaborative and focused team on the facilitation of a sense of belonging, ownership and complete engagement of pupils in schools that will contribute positively to social and emotional well-being.