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JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW
Treating HIV-Positive/Non-AIDS Patients for Community-Acquired Pneumonia with ART.
Current Infectious Disease Reports 2018 September 11
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the most recent publications on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the HIV-infected population on antiretroviral therapy (ART), focusing on epidemiology, prognostic factors, etiology, and antimicrobial therapy. The data discussed here were mainly obtained from a non-systematic review using Medline and references from relevant articles.
RECENT FINDINGS: CAP remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients and incurs high health costs despite the introduction of ART. HIV-infected patients are generally known to be more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently reported pathogen in HIV-infected patients on ART, who present a higher rate of bacteremia than non-HIV-infected patients. Several studies have also examined microbial etiology and prognostic factors of CAP in HIV-infected patients on ART. Despite the high rate of bacterial pneumonia in these patients, mortality rates are not higher than in patients without HIV infection.
RECENT FINDINGS: CAP remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients and incurs high health costs despite the introduction of ART. HIV-infected patients are generally known to be more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently reported pathogen in HIV-infected patients on ART, who present a higher rate of bacteremia than non-HIV-infected patients. Several studies have also examined microbial etiology and prognostic factors of CAP in HIV-infected patients on ART. Despite the high rate of bacterial pneumonia in these patients, mortality rates are not higher than in patients without HIV infection.
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