We have located links that may give you full text access.
Journal Article
Review
So Many Roads: the Multifaceted Regulation of Autophagy Induction.
Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 November 2
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved, degradative process from single-cell eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae , to higher mammals, such as humans. The regulation of autophagy has been elucidated through the combined study of yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans , mice, Drosophila melanogaster , and humans. MTOR, the major negative regulator of autophagy, and activating nutrient kinases, such as 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), interact with the autophagy regulatory complex: ULK1/2, RB1CC1, ATG13, and ATG101. The ULK1/2 complex induces autophagy by phosphorylating downstream autophagy complexes, such as the BECN1 PIK3 signaling complex that leads to the creation of LC3+ autophagosomes. We highlight in this review various reports of autophagy induction that are independent of these regulators. We discuss reports of MTOR-independent, AMPK-independent, ULK1/2-independent, and BECN1-PIK3C3-independent autophagy. We illustrate that autophagy induction and the components required vary by the nature of the induction signal and type of cell and do not always require canonical members of the autophagy signaling pathway. We illustrate that rather than thinking of autophagy as a linear pathway, it is better to think of autophagy induction as an interconnecting web of key regulators, many of which can induce autophagy through different requirements depending on the type and length of induction signals.
Full text links
Related Resources
Trending Papers
Challenges in Septic Shock: From New Hemodynamics to Blood Purification Therapies.Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024 Februrary 4
Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection.International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024 April 4
The 'Ten Commandments' for the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of endocarditis.European Heart Journal 2024 April 18
A Guide to the Use of Vasopressors and Inotropes for Patients in Shock.Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2024 April 14
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app