[Mediating effect of psychological symptoms, coping styles and impulsiveness on the relationship between childhood abuses and non-suicidal self-injuries among middle school students].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the mediationl effects of psychological symptoms, coping styles and impulsiveness on relationship between childhood abuse and non-suicidal self-injuries( NSSI) among middle school students.

METHODS: A total of 9704 participants( boys( 4600), girls( 5104); urban( 4049), rural( 5655); junior( 5168), senior( 4536)) were retained from all epidemiological study, involving students from junior and senior middle schools in Zhengzhou, Guiyang by random cluster sampling. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire( CTQ-SF), Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Questionnaire, Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents( MSQA), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire( TCSQ) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale( BIS-11) were used to measure childhood abuse assessment, NSSI frequency, psychological symptoms, coping styles and impulsiveness scores. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of childhood abuse and NSSI among different groups. Pearson's correlation analysis was used in analyzing the relationship, Bootstrap method and PROCESS software were applied to examine the mediationl effects.

RESULTS: A total of 44. 6% of middle school students had childhood abuse experiences, girls were higher than boys( 45. 9% vs. 43. 1%), junior secondary students were higher than senior secondary students( 47. 3% vs. 41. 5%), the differences were statistically significant( χ~2= 7. 558 and 32. 433; P < 0. 01). However, there was no statistical significance in the residence area( P > 0. 05). 38. 5% of high school students had NSSI, of which girls were lower than boys( 37. 1% vs. 40. 1%), junior secondary students were higher than senior secondary students( 41. 4% vs. 35. 3%), the differences were statistically significant( χ~2= 9. 151 and 37. 955; P <0. 01). The middle of perceived family SES who the detection rate of childhood abuse and NSSI were lower than poor and high family SES, the differences were statistically significant( χ~2= 9. 916 and 25. 735; P < 0. 01). The psychological symptoms, coping style and impulsiveness scores were related with childhood abuse scores and NSSI frequency respectively( P < 0. 01). These mediating effects persisted after controlling for sex, grade, residence area and perceived family SES, the total mediationl effects was 52. 24%, specific mediationl effect of psychological symptoms, negative and positive coping styles, impulsiveness was 33. 41%, 14. 87%, 0. 49% and 3. 48%( P < 0. 01).

CONCLUSION: It suggests that psychological symptoms, coping styles, impulsiveness may play a partial mediating effect on the relationship between childhood abuse and NSSI among middle school students. The alleviating of psychological symptoms, negative coping style may contribute to the prevention and control of NSSI among middle school students who have experienced childhood abuse.