A pilot study to assess short-term physiologic outcomes of transitioning infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia from ICU to two subacute ventilators.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate short-term physiologic outcomes of transitioning neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from intensive care unit (ICU) ventilators to both the Trilogy 202 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA) and LTV 1200 (CareFusion, Yorba Linda, CA) subacute ventilators.

Methods: Six infants with BPD requiring tracheostomies for support with a neonatal-specific ICU ventilator underwent placement of esophageal balloon catheters, airway pressure transducers, flow sensors, oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), and end tidal carbon dioxide (PET CO2 ) monitors. Noninvasive gas exchange, airflow, and airway and esophageal pressures (PES ) were recorded following 20 min on the ICU ventilator. The infants were placed on the Trilogy 202 and LTV 1200 ventilators in random order at identical settings as the ICU ventilator. We measured noninvasive gas exchange, pressure-rate product (respiratory rate × ΔPES ), ventilator response times, and the percentage of spontaneous breaths that triggered the ventilator at 20 min in each subject while being supported with each of the different subacute ventilators.

Results: The mean (SD) weight of the six infants was 4.983 (0.56) kg. There were no differences in heart rate ( p = 0.51) or SpO2 ( p = 0.97) but lower PET CO2 , ΔPES , respiratory rate, pressure rate-product, response times, and greater percentage of subject initiated breaths that triggered the ventilator ( p < 0.05) was observed with the Trilogy 202 than the LTV 1200. All six infants transitioned successfully from the ICU ventilator to the Trilogy 202 ventilator.

Conclusion: In this small group of infants with BPD, the Trilogy 202 ventilator performed better than the LTV 1200. The improved subject efforts, per cent subject triggering, and response times observed with the Trilogy are likely related to differences in triggering algorithms, location of triggering mechanisms, and gas delivery system performance within the ventilators. These pilot data may be useful for informing future clinical study design and understanding differences in the level of support provided by different subacute ventilators in infants with BPD.