A Molecular and Cytogenetic Update on Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Among patients with lung cancer, approximately 85% have non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The discovery of oncogenic driver mutations in NSCLC opened new personalized treatment options. Several methods that can identify these biomarkers are used routinely in a clinical setting to stratify patients for targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize the most clinically relevant driver genes, discuss the advantages and limitations of current clinical detection methods, and highlight the benefits of personalized treatment over standard chemotherapy.