Emerging Roles of Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Protein 1 in Neuropsychiatric Diseases.

The histidine triad nucleotide binding protein1(HINT1),which belongs to the histidine triad(HIT) enzyme superfamily,exerts its enzymic activities as hydrolase or transferase. Its physiological functions are still unclear. HINT1 protein is expressed in various tissues and plays an important role in transcription and signal transduction. Earlier studies have identified HINT1 as a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor. Other evidences indicate that HINT1 is involved in a wide variety of physiological processes,some of which are irrelevant with its basic enzymic activities. Investigations recently suggest that HINT1 is closely related to many peripheral and central nervous system diseases,and plays a vital role in some of neuropsychiatric diseases such as inherited peripheral neuropathies,schizophrenia,mood disorder,drug addiction,and Down's syndrome. In this review,the role of HINT1 in above-mentioned neuropsychiatric disorders was summarised,and the research findings of HINT1 in each of the above diseases were summarized and analyzed,in order to provide some guidance for further research on this protein.