Analysis of After-Hours Patient Telephone Calls in Two Academic Radiation Oncology Departments: An Opportunity for Improvement in Patient Safety and Quality of Care.

PURPOSE: Patient care within radiation oncology extends beyond the clinic or treatment hours. The on-call radiation oncologist is often not a patient's primary radiation oncologist, introducing the possibility of communication breakdowns and medical errors. This study analyzed after-hours telephone calls to identify opportunities for improved patient safety and quality of care.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patient calls received outside of business hours between July 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014, at two academic radiation oncology departments were retrospectively reviewed. All calls were analyzed using content analysis, and descriptive analyses were performed.

RESULTS: During this time, 5,557 courses of radiotherapy (RT) were delivered. A total of 454 calls were received from 369 unique patients (81%), averaging 4.4 calls per week per department. Phone encounters were documented for 223 calls (49%). The calls were categorized by disease site (No., %): central nervous system (91, 20%), head and neck (78, 17%), genitourinary (53, 12%), GI (52, 12%), thoracic (51, 11%), gynecologic (30, 7%), breast (24, 5%), and other (75, 17%). Patients most often called regarding acute medical, non-RT-related issues (144 calls, 32%); acute RT-related adverse effects (127, 28%); and medication management, including refills (63, 14%).

CONCLUSION: This analysis provided novel information regarding the volume of and reasons for after-hours patient-initiated telephone calls. It identified opportunities for actionable improvements in safety and quality of care, particularly with regard to documentation by on-call providers, communication with the primary radiation oncology and extended health care teams, patient education about common RT adverse effects, and medication management.