Comparative study of vaginal danazol vs diphereline (a synthetic GnRH agonist) in the control of bleeding during hysteroscopic myomectomy in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the usefulness of vaginal danazol and diphereline in the management of intra-operative bleeding during hysteroscopy.

DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial.

SETTING: University hospital.

PATIENTS: One hundred and ninety participants of reproductive age were enrolled for operative hysteroscopy. Thirty women were excluded from the study.

INTERVENTIONS: One hundred and sixty participants with submucous myomas were allocated at random to receive either vaginal danazol (200mg BID, 30 days before surgery) or intramuscular diphereline (twice with a 28-day interval).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of intra-operative bleeding, clarity of the visual field, volume of media, operative time, success rate for completion of operation and postoperative complications.

RESULTS: Overall, 145 patients completed the study. In the danazol group, 78.1% of patients experienced no intra-operative uterine bleeding, and 21.9% experienced mild bleeding. In the diphereline group, 19.4% of patients experienced no intra-operative uterine bleeding, but mild, moderate and severe bleeding was observed in 31.9%, 45.8% and 2.8% of patients, respectively. The difference between the groups was significant (p<0.001). A clear visual field was reported more frequently in the danazol group compared with the diphereline group (98.6% vs 29.2%, p<0.001). The mean operative time was 10.9 min and 10.6 min in the danazol and diphereline groups, respectively (p=0.79). The mean volume of infused media was 2.0L in both groups (p=0.99). The success rate was 100% for both groups with no intra-operative complications.

CONCLUSION: Both vaginal danazol and diphereline were effective in controlling uterine bleeding during operative hysteroscopy. However, vaginal danazol provided a clearer visual field.