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Alcohol use and self-perceived mental health status among pregnant and breastfeeding women in Canada: a secondary data analysis.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding in Canada from 2003 to 2010, and to test the relation between self-perceived mental health status and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding.
DESIGN: Secondary analysis of four cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, a population-based cross-sectional survey.
SETTING: Canada.
SAMPLE: A total of 18 612 pregnant and 15 836 breastfeeding women.
METHODS: The prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by province and territory, and cycle. The relation between self-perceived mental health status and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding was explored using quasi-Poisson regression models.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and self-perceived mental health status.
RESULTS: In Canada, between 2003 and 2010, approximately one in every ten pregnant women (9.9%; 95%CI 9.2-10.5%) and two in every ten breastfeeding women (20.3%; 95%CI 19.4-21.2%) women consumed alcohol. Women with a lower self-perceived mental health status (i.e. 'good') were 1.40 (95%CI 1.18-1.67, P < 0.001) times more likely to have consumed alcohol during pregnancy, compared with women with an 'excellent' self-perceived mental health. There were no notable differences between the categories of mental health status in regard to alcohol consumption while breastfeeding.
CONCLUSION: Despite public health efforts in Canada, a significant proportion of pregnant and breastfeeding women consume alcohol. It is imperative that a standard screening protocol be initiated among pregnant and breastfeeding women, especially in high-risk populations (e.g. women utilising substance abuse treatment programs).
TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: In Canada in 2003-2010, approximately 10% of pregnant and 20% of breastfeeding women consumed alcohol.
DESIGN: Secondary analysis of four cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, a population-based cross-sectional survey.
SETTING: Canada.
SAMPLE: A total of 18 612 pregnant and 15 836 breastfeeding women.
METHODS: The prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by province and territory, and cycle. The relation between self-perceived mental health status and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding was explored using quasi-Poisson regression models.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and self-perceived mental health status.
RESULTS: In Canada, between 2003 and 2010, approximately one in every ten pregnant women (9.9%; 95%CI 9.2-10.5%) and two in every ten breastfeeding women (20.3%; 95%CI 19.4-21.2%) women consumed alcohol. Women with a lower self-perceived mental health status (i.e. 'good') were 1.40 (95%CI 1.18-1.67, P < 0.001) times more likely to have consumed alcohol during pregnancy, compared with women with an 'excellent' self-perceived mental health. There were no notable differences between the categories of mental health status in regard to alcohol consumption while breastfeeding.
CONCLUSION: Despite public health efforts in Canada, a significant proportion of pregnant and breastfeeding women consume alcohol. It is imperative that a standard screening protocol be initiated among pregnant and breastfeeding women, especially in high-risk populations (e.g. women utilising substance abuse treatment programs).
TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: In Canada in 2003-2010, approximately 10% of pregnant and 20% of breastfeeding women consumed alcohol.
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