An evaluation of 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel (Gengigel ®) in the treatment of gingivitis: a clinical & microbiological study.

AIM: Hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory & anti edematous properties. This study is seeking to ascertain whether Hyaluronic acid gel formulation is clinically and microscopically effective in treatment of gingivitis.

METHODS: In longitudinal, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial, 105 patients with chronic plaque induce gingivitis were randomly divided into three groups; negative control group, placebo control group and test group. Patients were instructed to apply gel on inflamed gingiva twice daily in addition with routine oral hygiene maintenance. The clinical parameters Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index(GI) and Papilla Bleeding Index (PBI) were determined at intervals of 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks from baseline, microbiological parameters were monitored at the interval of 4 weeks from baseline.

RESULTS: An improvement of all clinical variables was observed (p<0.05) for all treatment modalities. Clinically, There is significant difference (p<0.05) for GI & PBI in test group as compared to other groups, but reduction in PI was non-significant. In negative control and placebo control groups, the difference between clinical parameters was non-significant. Statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in percentage of anaerobic gram negative bacilli and relative increase of gram positive coccoid cells was seen in all treatment groups at 4 weeks as compared to baseline. However, results were not statistically significant (p>0.05) in pair wise comparison in between groups.

CONCLUSION: Local application of 0.2 % HA gel adjunct to non surgical periodontal treatment provided a significant improvement in clinical parameters than placebo control and negative control groups. Microbiologically experimental group does not showed any spastically significant results.