The safety and efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab for treating patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer with interstitial lung disease.

PURPOSE: Optimal chemotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is established for paclitaxel and carboplatin, but is otherwise controversial. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab for treating these patients.

METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of 21 patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC with ILD who received paclitaxel and carboplatin without (paclitaxel-carboplatin group; n = 11) or with bevacizumab (paclitaxel-carboplatin-bevacizumab group; n = 10) between April 2008 and October 2013.

RESULTS: The median progression-free survival time of the paclitaxel-carboplatin-bevacizumab group was 5.3 months (95 % CI 0.4-11.6 months) compared with 4.4 months (95 % CI 0.9-6.3 months) for the paclitaxel-carboplatin group (p = 0.060). Their respective median overall survival times were 16.1 months (range 0.4-34.8 months) and 9.7 months (range 2.6-37.0 months) (p = 0.772) with corresponding overall response rates of 40 and 27 % (p = 0.659), respectively. One patient in the paclitaxel-carboplatin-bevacizumab group experienced chemotherapy-related exacerbation of ILD (0/11 vs. 1/10; p = 0.476).

CONCLUSIONS: The addition of bevacizumab to paclitaxel and carboplatin may provide an effective and safe treatment option for patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC with ILD.