Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and reproduction.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the recent diagnostic criteria, clinical implications, and therapeutic protocols for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS).

RECENT FINDINGS: Much has been learned in the recent years concerning the diagnosis of and clinical implications associated with the APS. A number of studies demonstrate some pathophysiologic mechanisms that suggest the impact of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) on successful growth and development of the placenta, and ultimately the embryo. These findings are discussed in context with establishing the Bradford Hill criteria for causation between APAs and recurrent pregnancy loss. The recent clinical recommendations from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology are included. Practical guidelines for clinicians faced with treating women with antiphospholipid syndrome are presented.

SUMMARY: The diagnosis of APS is defined and the clinical treatment protocol recommendations are discussed.