Anthropometric indices of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Bangladeshi population: Chandra Rural Diabetes Study (CRDS).

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (DM); however, no study has specially assessed the anthropometric indices as predictors of diabetes in rural Bangladeshi population.

OBJECTIVE: To identify markers for diabetes through body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR) and identify the optimal cut-off values suitable for Bangladeshi adult population.

METHODS: A total of 2293 subjects aged ≥20 years from rural Bangladesh were randomly recruited to participate in a population-based, cross sectional survey. Age adjusted data for anthropometric indices and diabetes risk were assessed and their relationships were examined.

RESULTS: Age adjusted prevalence of DM in men and women were 9.5% and 7.0%, respectively. Both men and women with DM had a higher rate of general obesity (defined by BMI) and central obesity (defined by WC, WHR and WHtR) than non-diabetic subjects. In both men and women the most sensitive indice was WHR for predicting DM. The appropriate cut-offs values for WHR to predict DM in men and women were 0.93 and 0.87, respectively. WC of 82 cm for both sexes was appropriate to predict DM. Those of BMI and WHtR were 21.2 kg/m2, 21.8 kg/m2 and 0.53, 0.54 in men and women, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with BMI, measures of central obesity, WHR, WC, WHtR showed a better association with the risk of DM for both sexes in rural Bangladeshi population. Follow-up studies are needed for validifying these cut-offs values.