One-stage breast reconstruction using the inferior dermal flap, implant, and free nipple graft.

BACKGROUND: An inferior dermal flap with implant is a useful option for women hoping for immediate breast reconstruction. This one-stage procedure uses autologous tissue as an inferolateral local sling, avoiding the costs and potential morbidity of prosthetic mesh and reducing valuable operating time. Patient comorbidity or choice may restrict autologous reconstruction options available. Many patients will still require a second procedure for subsequent nipple reconstruction and further appointments and costs for tattooing.

METHOD: A prospective database was kept of a single surgeon's experience with 16 patients (19 breasts) from 2010 to 2012. Reconstruction was performed following a Wise pattern skin incision. An inferior, deepithelialized dermal sling was sutured to the pectoralis major to form a pocket for a silicone implant or tissue expander. A free nipple graft was sited at the time of reconstruction, with biopsies taken from retroareolar tissue.

RESULTS: Patient average age was 54 years (range 36-66). Six mastectomies were for ductal carcinoma in situ, 6 for invasive carcinoma, 2 for lobular carcinoma, and 5 of 19 mastectomies were prophylactic. Average operative time was 165 min. There were no immediate complications requiring reoperation. All retroareolar biopsies were benign and no locoregional recurrences have occurred. Two nipples had partial necrosis of the lower pole but healed with conservative treatment. No patients required any subsequent procedures to their reconstructed breast.

CONCLUSION: The inferior dermal flap with implant and free nipple graft is an excellent single-stage reconstruction option. This method offers a potentially safe, reliable, and aesthetically acceptable outcome for women with larger, ptotic breasts.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .